[Jeff]

Brownman

I believe in kinetic sequencing with respect to the full golf swing, but I don't believe in the kinetic link theory which espouses a COM principle - that external torque is inputted into the system when the golfer starts the downswing motion by "external torque applied as a function of translating ground reaction force at the feet into a force couple at the hips rotating the hips against the force of the ground" (Chris Welch's words) and that the momentum thereby generated is "fixed" and then transferred from one body part to another body part via the principle of COM. I can accept the first part of the kinetic link sequence whereby translational ground reaction forces allow the hips to start rotating, but I do not believe that COM is responsible for all (or most of) the subsequent rotational motion of the upper torso and arms.

I certainly don't believe that the kinetic link theory has any relevance for golfers who use the Leslie King arm swing approach.

http://www.golftoday.co.uk/proshop/t.../lesson11.html

Leslie King states-: "Now, maintaining the shoulders in the fully turned position, we simply commence the downward swing of the left hand and arm. That is how the downswing starts, and nothing could be simpler!

I stress again, the SHOULDERS MUST REMAIN IN THE FULLY TURNED POSITION at the beginning of the downswing! The same left foot action that has "charged" the hands with power is enabling us to control the shoulders.

By keeping the shoulders fully turned the left hand and arm can swing freely from the left shoulder, taking the club-head down into the ball on a club line that will result in a swing into and along the line of flight through impact."

What Leslie King is describing is the release of PA#4 via a left arm pulling action (left arm being pulled down to the ball by the left shoulder girdle muscles) rather than the usual pivot-induced release of PA#4. In this swing approach, the pelvis reacts to the pull of the left arm, which precedes the pelvic motion.

I also don't think that kinetic link theory of a "fixed" amount of momentum being transferred from the hips => shoulders applies to the Hardy OPS. In the Hardy OPS, the golfer rotates the pelvis and upper torso simultaneously as single unit. Here is an example of an excellent Hardy OPS swing action.

Jeff Ritter rotates his pelvis and shoulders at the same speed at the start of the downswing - as a single rotating unit. His pivot style is very different to the Hogan swing style of sequential rotation of the lower torso => upper torso.

By the way, do you believe that followup movement of the rear leg supplies power in a golf swing? If yes, could you please explain your reasoning.

Jeff.